Hegel Philosophy Cheat Sheet

Hegel Philosophy Cheat Sheet

Hegel's Philosophy of History Cheat Sheet (1856)

Introduction (The Origins of Philosophy)

PhilosopherHegel's Evaluation
ThalesRegarded as the origin of philosophy; positive
AnaximanderValued for the concept of apeiron (the indefinite); positive
AnaximenesNaïve but progressive; somewhat positive

The Greek Spirit

PhilosopherHegel's Evaluation
PythagorasCriticized for abstract focus on numbers; neutral to somewhat negative
HeraclitusHighly praised for the principle of becoming; strongly positive
ParmenidesValued for the absolute being; positive
Zeno (Eleatic)Valued for dialectical reasoning; positive
EmpedoclesEclectic with the four elements; neutral
AnaxagorasHighly praised for the concept of nous (mind); positive
DemocritusCriticized for mechanical materialism; somewhat negative
SophistsCriticized for relativism; negative
SocratesCelebrated as the starting point of self-consciousness; strongly positive
PlatoHighly praised for the theory of Ideas; strongly positive
AristotleRegarded as the consummator of philosophy; strongly positive

Rome and the Christian World

PhilosopherHegel's Evaluation
StoicsValued for emphasis on inwardness; positive
EpicureansCriticized for hedonism; somewhat negative
SkepticsCriticized for passive negation; negative
Neoplatonists (Plotinus)Criticized for mysticism; somewhat negative
AugustineValued for the development of Christian philosophy; positive

The Medieval Christian World

PhilosopherHegel's Evaluation
Thomas AquinasValued for unifying theology and philosophy; positive
Scotus / OckhamCriticized for weakening metaphysics; negative

The Modern World Spirit

PhilosopherHegel's Evaluation
DescartesHighly praised as the starting point of modern philosophy; strongly positive
SpinozaValued as the peak of rationalism; positive
LockeLimited appreciation for empiricism; somewhat positive
HumeCriticized for skepticism in empiricism; negative
RousseauHighly praised for the idea of freedom; positive
KantHighly praised for the philosophy of self-consciousness; strongly positive
FichteHighly praised for the absolute self; positive
SchellingValued for natural philosophy but criticized as incomplete; neutral to somewhat negative
Hegel (himself)Presented his own system of Absolute Spirit as the fulfillment; most positive

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