IPX/SPX cheat sheet.

 

  • What it is. IPX = Novell’s network-layer protocol (from XNS IDP); SPX = its connection-oriented transport (from XNS SPP). Popular with NetWare in the late ’80s–’90s, then eclipsed by TCP/IP. Wikipedia+1

  • Addressing. network(32-bit) : node(48-bit MAC) : socket(16-bit) → 12-byte address per endpoint. Network range 0x00000001–0xFFFFFFFE; 0x00000000 = “this network.” The 32+48-bit pair forms an 80-bit node ID; the socket selects the application. Wikipedia

  • Packet header (30 bytes). Fields: checksum (usually 0xFFFF = none), total length, Transport Control (hop count), Packet Type, then Destination and Source (each = network+node+socket). Key types: 1=RIP, 5=SPX, 17=NCP. WikipediaNovellIETF Datatracker

  • Discovery & routing.
    • RIP (IPX flavor) advertises routes (primarily by delay, hop count secondary).
    • SAP advertises services (file/print servers, etc.).
    • NLSP (IS-IS–based) scales better on larger nets. WikipediaNovell+1

  • Over Ethernet (encapsulation). Four frame types coexisted: 802.3 raw, 802.2 LLC (DSAP/SSAP 0xE0), 802.2 SNAP (OUI 0x000000, EtherType 0x8137), and Ethernet II (EtherType 0x8137). Novell later switched the default from 802.3 raw → 802.2. WikipediaOracle Documentationsupport.novell.com

  • Why it was easy to run. Clients auto-used the NIC’s MAC as the node ID and learned routes/services via RIP/SAP—minimal manual config compared to pre-DHCP IP stacks. Wikipedia

  • Why it faded. Didn’t scale like IP; NetWare 5 added native NCP-over-TCP/IP and Windows dropped IPX later on. Wikipedia

  • Handy identifiers.
    • EtherType: 0x8137 (Ethernet II).
    • Sockets: 0x0451 NCP, 0x0452 SAP, 0x0453 RIP.
    • LLC DSAP/SSAP for “NetWare”: 0xE0. WikipediaOracle Documentation

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